Life Cycle Assessment Aplikasi Pupuk dalam Sistem Pertanian Indonesia: Tinjauan Naratif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47134/jees.v3i2.1050Keywords:
Keberlanjutan, Life Cycle Assessment, Pupuk, Pertanian IndonesiaAbstract
Tinjauan naratif ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran dampak lingkungan penggunaan pupuk dalam sistem pertanian Indonesia melalui studi life cycle assessment (LCA) dari segi dampak terhadap iklim dan manusia, serta merekomendasikan agenda penelitian masa depan. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan pendekatan tinjauan naratif terhadap 11 studi LCA aplikasi pupuk dalam sistem pertanian meliputi komoditas kelapa sawit, kopi, jagung, rumput laut, sayuran, beras, kakao, dan pisang. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan ketiadaan standar metodologi LCA lokal menyebabkan inkonsistensi hasil dengan ruang lingkup bervariasi (cradle-to-grave, cradle-to-gate, gate-to-gate). Temuan kontradiktif emisi pupuk organik versus sintetik mengindikasikan keberlanjutan sangat bergantung pada konteks agroekologi spesifik seperti topografi. Hanya 4 dari 11 studi yang mengukur dampak kesehatan manusia. Transformasi pertanian berkelanjutan memerlukan pendekatan holistik meliputi pengembangan protokol LCA standar nasional, investasi modal manusia petani, reformulasi subsidi berbasis kinerja, penguatan infrastruktur, penelitian integratif, dan kerangka kebijakan multisektoral sebagai fondasi pertanian Indonesia yang produktif, berkelanjutan, dan berkeadilan.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Abdul Aziz Setiadi Haryanto, Habil Dwi Atmika, Branden Axton Aurelius, Nirwasita Padmarini Putri Rustadi, Nurhayati Nurhayati
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